Cephalopoda |
Myopsida |
Loliginidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range
Ekologi
Pelagiska; djupintervall 20 - 180 m (Ref. 275). Tropical, preferred 13°C (Ref. 107945); 62°N - 26°N, 172°W - 112°W (Ref. 112699)
Eastern Pacific. Tropical to boreal.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Könsmognad: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 19.2 cm ML hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 94063); 17.9 cm ML (female); publicerad maxvikt: 148.00 g (Ref. 94063); publicerad maxvikt: 148.00 g
Caught by brails and night lights and pumps and night lights. Individual behavior: pale coloration indicates relaxation while dark, high contrast chromatic elements indicate alertness; protracted inking occurs after an abrupt stop from a backward jetting squid; in swimming, drag is reduced from the tightening of fin curvature which reduces the fin span relative to the average fin chord; fins and arms were used to maneuver. Schooling and shoaling: schools at night were tighter than during the day (Ref. 94861).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Mating and egg-laying occur at daylight (Refs. 94843, 94849), egg beds found at depths of 20-60 m (Ref. 94843).
Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 3. Cephalopods of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(3):277p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 275)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiell
FAO - fiskeri: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Verktyg
Ytterligare information
PhysiologySyreförbrukning
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet-källor
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 8.2 - 11.9, mean 9.2 (based on 23 cells).
Resiliens
Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=1).
Prior r = 0.93, 95% CL = 0.61 - 1.39, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability
Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Nutrients : Calcium = 126 [75, 177] mg/100g; Iron = 4.79 [1.67, 7.92] mg/100g; Protein = 15.5 [13.7, 17.4] %; Omega3 = 0.414 [0.262, 0.566] g/100g; Selenium = 57.8 [48.5, 67.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.97 [0.92, 3.02] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
