Cephalopoda |
Oegopsida |
Cranchiidae | Taoniinae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / ระดับความลึก / distribution range
นิเวศวิทยา
ผิวน้ำ; ระดับความลึก 0 - 2000 m (อ้างอิง 97142). Tropical
Circumglobal. Tropical to temperate climates.
Length at first maturity / ขนาด / Weight / Age
วัยเจริญพันธุ์: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 42.0 cm ML เพศผู้/กระเทย; (อ้างอิง 97142)
The vertical distribution of paralarvae to approximately 35 mm mantle length is epipelagic, concentrated in subsurface water to 200 m both day and night. With growth and metamorphosis (around 35 to 40 mm mantle length) juveniles broaden their range in the mesopelagic zone to 800 m or more. One subadult female was captured in a closing net at night at 800 to 600 m in the western North Atlantic. Subadults and adults descend into the bathypelagic zone where maturation occurs in the 2,000 m zone. Captures of juveniles and large subadults at night in subsurface waters to about 300 m suggests that a portion of the population undergoes a diel vertical migration (Ref. 97142).
Life cycle and mating behavior
วัยเจริญพันธุ์ | การสืบพันธุ์ | การวางไข่ | Eggs | ความดกของไข่ | Larvae
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
Turgeon, D.D., J.F. Quinn Jr., A.E. Bogan, E.V. Coan, F.G. Hochberg, W.G. Lyons, P.M. Mikkelsen, R.J. Neves, C.F.E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F.G. Thompson, M. Vecchione and J.D. Willams 1998 Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed. American Fisheries Society (Special publication 26), Bethesda, Maryland. 526 p. (อ้างอิง 1667)
IUCN Red List Status
(อ้างอิง 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (อ้างอิง 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (อ้างอิง 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
เครื่องมือ
ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติม
Population dynamicsการเจริญเติบโตMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionอุดมสมบรูณ์ Life cycleการสืบพันธุ์วัยเจริญพันธุ์ความดกของไข่การวางไข่EggsEgg developmentLarvae Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
แหล่งที่มาจากอินเตอร์เน็ต
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 5.2 - 14.5, mean 8.9 (based on 1809 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
