Cephalopoda |
Oegopsida |
Cranchiidae | Taoniinae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
سطح زی; تغييرات عمق 0 - 2000 m (مرجع 97142). Tropical
Circumglobal. Tropical to temperate climates.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 42.0 cm ML جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 97142)
The vertical distribution of paralarvae to approximately 35 mm mantle length is epipelagic, concentrated in subsurface water to 200 m both day and night. With growth and metamorphosis (around 35 to 40 mm mantle length) juveniles broaden their range in the mesopelagic zone to 800 m or more. One subadult female was captured in a closing net at night at 800 to 600 m in the western North Atlantic. Subadults and adults descend into the bathypelagic zone where maturation occurs in the 2,000 m zone. Captures of juveniles and large subadults at night in subsurface waters to about 300 m suggests that a portion of the population undergoes a diel vertical migration (Ref. 97142).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Turgeon, D.D., J.F. Quinn Jr., A.E. Bogan, E.V. Coan, F.G. Hochberg, W.G. Lyons, P.M. Mikkelsen, R.J. Neves, C.F.E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F.G. Thompson, M. Vecchione and J.D. Willams 1998 Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed. American Fisheries Society (Special publication 26), Bethesda, Maryland. 526 p. (مرجع 1667)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
| FishSource |
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
Population dynamicsرشدMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.نوسانات طولیMass conversionفراواني Life cycleتولید مثلبلوغFecundityتخم ریزیEggsنمو تخمLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 5.2 - 14.5, mean 8.9 (based on 1809 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
