Hydrophis schistosus, Beaked sea snake
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Hydrophis schistosus   Daudin, 1803

Beaked sea snake
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Hydrophis schistosus

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Not assigned | Squamata | Elapidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range Ekologi

Revassocierade; djupintervall 3 - 22 m (Ref. 78387).  Tropical; 31°N - 58°S (Ref. 356)

Distribution Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Utplanteringar

Indo-West Pacific.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Könsmognad: Lm 74.5, range 47 - 101.5 cm Max length : 140 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 801); common length : 110 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 801)

Short description Morfologi

Young has gray to black annuli, while juveniles has 45-55 transverse bars that may extend down the flanks with the lower body whitish and without pattern. Adults are uniform gray above, whitish below. Dark bars wider or as wide than paler interspaces.

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

Average length is 90 cm. The venom of this snake is said to be responsible for more serious and fatal bites than all other sea snakes combined and is considered to have the most toxic venom. Based on studies, the myotoxic phospholipase A from the venom causes myoglobinuria in mice (Ref. 88062). Usually occurs in clear shallow reef waters (Ref. 2357), and may travel about ten miles up tidal rivers (Ref. 88062). Also prefers estuarine conditions in Australia (Ref. 2357). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 801), with 4 to 9 young ones in a brood (Ref. 88062). Feeds on fish (Refs. 801, 88062).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Ovoviviparous (Ref. 801). It bears 4 to 9 young ones in a brood (Ref. 88062).

Main reference referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Redfield, J.A., J.C. Holmes and R.D. Holmes 1978 Sea snakes of the Eastern Gulf of Carpentaria. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 29(3):325-334. (Ref. 78387)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 February 2009

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Venomous (Ref. 88062)

Human uses

Fiskeri: saknar intresse
| FishSource |

Verktyg

E-book | Fälthandbok

Ytterligare information

Trophic Ecology
Food items (preys)
Födosammansättning
Födointag
Predatorer
Ekologi
Ekologi
Population dynamics
Tillväxt
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundans
Life cycle
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Fecundity
Lek
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Distribution
Länder
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
Physiology
Syreförbrukning
Human Related
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Medarbetare
Taxonomy
Populärnamn
synonymer
Morfologi
Bilder
referenser
referenser

Internet-källor

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, sök) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.8 - 29.3, mean 28.5 (based on 3251 cells).
Resiliens (Ref. 69278): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=0.6-0.75).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

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