Holothuroidea |
Holothuriida |
Holothuriidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / गहराई सीमा / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
प्रवाल-भित्ति संयुक्त; गहराई सीमा 0 - 30 m (संदर्भ 122). Tropical
Indo-Pacific, excluding the Persian Gulf and Hawaii.
Length at first maturity / आकार / Weight / Age
परिपक्व अवधि: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 45.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (संदर्भ 122); common length : 35.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (संदर्भ 122); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 1.3 kg (संदर्भ 122)
Mean live weight 700 to 1,300 g; body-wall thickness 0.4 cm. Body sub cylindrical, arched dorsally (bivium) and slightly flattened ventrally (trivium). White conical papillae sparsely distributed on bivium; podia on trivium long and large, their calcareous disc around 240 micrometer in diameter. Mouth ventral, surrounded by 25 large, black brown dots and numerous small black spots; trivium grey, also with small black spots. Spicules on dorsal and ventral tegument with pseudo-tables and rosettes; pseudo-tables consisting of large base with a large hole, and a spiny spire; rosettes numerous, those in the tegument simple, but more complicated in the dorsal papillae and ventral podia; also present around anus are rods, small plates, and tables with very spiny crown; tentacles containing a few rods and large plates derived from rosettes.
Maximum depth from Ref. 85218. Not harvested for bêche-de-mer production (Ref. 122). A coral reef species rarely found in depths of more than 25 m; mostly found on reef slopes close to the coast (Ref. 122, 85218); abundant on corals mixed with calcareous red algae. Population densities generally less than 0.005 per square meter (Ref. 122). In times of considerable irritation, this animal ejects Cuvierian tubules (Ref. 85218). Feeds on the surface of coral colonies and sponges (Ref. 101700).
Life cycle and mating behavior
परिपक्व अवधि | पुनरुत्पत्ति | मछलीऔ का अंडे देना | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Holothuroidea are gonochoric and have only one gonad. Spawning and fertilization are both external and some exhibit brooding. Life cycle: Embryos develop into planktotrophic larvae (auricularia) then into doliolaria (barrel-shaped stage) which later metamorphose into juvenile sea cucumbers.
Conand, C. 1998 Holothurians (sea cucumbers, Class Holothuroidea). p. 1157-1190. In Carpenter, K.E. and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 2. Cephalopods, crustaceans, holothurians and sharks. FAO Rome. (संदर्भ 122)
IUCN Red List Status
(संदर्भ 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (संदर्भ 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (संदर्भ 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: कोई रुचि बग़ैर
| FishSource |
साधन
अधिक जानकारी
Life cycleपुनरुत्पत्तिपरिपक्व अवधिFecundityमछलीऔ का अंडे देनाEggsEgg developmentLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 26.9 - 29.3, mean 28.6 (based on 2892 cells).
लौटाव
माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (K=0.17).
Fishing Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.
