Gelochelidon nilotica, Gull-billed tern
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Gelochelidon nilotica   Gmelin, 1789

Gull-billed tern
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No photo available for this species.
No drawings available for Laridae.

رده بندی / Names اسامي عام | مترادف | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Aves | Charadriiformes | Laridae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range بوم شناسي

; لب شور.  Tropical; 56°N - 44°S, 116°W - 173°E (مرجع 124582)

Distribution كشورها | مناطق سازمان خوار و بار جهاني (FAO) | Ecosystems | ظهور | معرفي

Indo-Pacific, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن

بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 43.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 8812); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 290.00 g (مرجع 356)

توصيف مختصر ريخت شناسي

Culmen: 4.1 cm; tarsus: 2.3 cm; wing: 33.0 cm.

زيست شناسي     واژه نامه (بعنوان مثال epibenthic)

Total Length: 35 to 43 cm; Wingspan: 86 to 103 cm (Ref. 8812). Total population is 55,000 pairs, mostly in Asia, 40,000 pairs. European population of about 6,800 to 160,000 pairs is declining due to loss of habitat (Ref. 84934). Surface seizing; coastal; coastal Islands (Ref. 356). Feeds by dipping to the sea surface with occasional plunge-dives. Breeds colonially in salt marshes, salt works, coastal dunes, islands and freshwater lagoons in southern North America, Caribbean, South America, Europe, Asia, Australia and northern Africa (Ref. 84934). Gull-billed terns are observed to display group adherence. This species has a high nest fidelity in stable habitats, and yet when environmental disasters occur, they retain their mates and settle with the same neighbors at the breeding locality (Ref. 87784).

Life cycle and mating behavior بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

مآخذ اصلی مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران

Enticott, J. and D. Tipling 1997 Seabirds of the World: the complete reference. Singapore: New Holland (Publishers) Ltd. 234 p. (مرجع 84934)

وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)

  حداقل نگرانی (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 August 2019

وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (مرجع 116361)

Appendix II: Migratory species conserved through agreements

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ابزارها

E-book | راهنماي صحرايي

اطلاعات بيشتر

Trophic Ecology
Food items (preys)
تركيب غذايي
مصرف غذايي
شکارچیان
بوم شناسي
بوم شناسي
Population dynamics
رشد
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
نوسانات طولی
Mass conversion
فراواني
Life cycle
تولید مثل
بلوغ
Fecundity
تخم ریزی
Eggs
نمو تخم
Larvae
Distribution
كشورها
مناطق سازمان خوار و بار جهاني (FAO)
Ecosystems
ظهور
معرفي
Physiology
Oxygen consumption
Human Related
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
همكاران
Taxonomy
اسامي عام
مترادف
ريخت شناسي
عکس ها
مراجع
مراجع

منابع اينترنتي

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (ژنوم, نوکلئوتيد) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (برو, جستجو) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 12.1 - 29.1, mean 27.1 (based on 5421 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability (مرجع 71543): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
طبقه قيمت (مرجع 80766): Unknown.

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