Gymnolaemata |
Ctenostomatida |
Vesiculariidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Sessile; depth range 1 - 145 m (Ref. 86508). Tropical
Native in Caribbean and Atlantic Ocean, introduced in Indo-West Pacific.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 20.0 cm WD male/unsexed; (Ref. 3248)
Fragile; colonies erect with many free branches. Dichotomously branching in series of two with thin stolon. Usually grows to a height of 4 to 5 cm. Transparent colonies in pale yellow to brown.
Depth range reported from Colombia (Ref. 86508). Epibenthic, encrusting (Ref. 116066). In cool temperate to tropical waters (Ref. 874). Grows on varied surfaces: other bryozoans, algae, seagrasses, oyster valves, sandstone boulders, dock, pilings, breakwaters and man-made debris (Ref. 83404).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the phylum Bryozoa are hermaphroditic. Both fertilization and egg brooding may either be internal or external.
Soule, J.D. 1963 Results of the Puritan-American Museum of Natural History Expedition to Western Mexico. 18. Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata (Ectoprocta), and Entoprocta of the Gulf of California. American Museum Novitates (2144):1-34. (Ref. 874)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)Diet compositionFood consumptionPredators Population dynamicsGrowth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 21.8 - 28.7, mean 26.9 (based on 1800 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.
