Spisula solida, Solid surf clam : fisheries
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Spisula solida   (Linnaeus, 1758)

Solid surf clam

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Spisula solida  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Spisula solida

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Bivalvia | Venerida | Mactridae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range Ekologi

; djupintervall 0 - 60 m (Ref. 106944).  Subtropical, preferred 10°C (Ref. 107945); 65°N - 32°N, 24°W - 12°E

Distribution Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Utplanteringar

Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean: From southern Iceland to North Sea, Morocco and Madeira to the Mediterranean.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Könsmognad: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 5.0 cm SHL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 7882); rapporterad maxålder: 13 år (Ref. 106244)

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

Depth based on occurrence (Ref. 2758, p. 805); to be replaced with better reference. Minimum depth from Ref. 2703. Species' maximum length from the Belgian part of the North Sea (Ref. 7882). Found along the coasts and further out into the open sea, mainly on top of sea banks. Shallowly burrows in coarse-grained sediment. A suspension feeder (Ref. 7882).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Members of the class Bivalvia are mostly gonochoric, some are protandric hermaphrodites. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming trocophore larvae, succeeded by the bivalve veliger, resembling a miniature clam.

Main reference referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Gaspar, M.B., M.N. Santos and P. Vasconcelos 2001 Weight-length relationships of 25 bivalve species (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the Algarve coast (southern Portugal). J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 81:805-807. (Ref. 2758)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiell
FAO - fiskeri: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Verktyg

E-book | Fälthandbok

Ytterligare information

Trophic Ecology
Food items (preys)
Födosammansättning
Födointag
Predatorer
Ekologi
Ekologi
Population dynamics
Tillväxt
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundans
Life cycle
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Fecundity
Lek
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Distribution
Länder
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
Physiology
Syreförbrukning
Human Related
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Medarbetare
Taxonomy
Populärnamn
synonymer
Morfologi
Bilder
referenser
referenser

Internet-källor

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(fiskeri: ; publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, sök) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 8.6 - 12.5, mean 10.4 (based on 344 cells).
Resiliens (Ref. 69278): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=0.23-0.43; tm=1; tmax=13).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Low.
Nutrients :  Calcium = 149 [71, 228] mg/100g; Iron = 8.53 [1.95, 15.11] mg/100g; Protein = 9.88 [8.64, 11.12] %; Omega3 = 0.313 [0.202, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 61 [50, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [0.56, 3.51] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

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