Polychaeta |
Spionida |
Spionidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range
Ekologi
; djupintervall 10 - 150 m (Ref. 112705). Temperate
Indo-Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Könsmognad: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Maximum depth from Ref. 116516. Tubiculous (Ref. 112705).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Polychaeta are mostly gonochoric (sexual). Mating: Females produce a pheromone attracting and signalling the males to shed sperm which in turn stimulates females to shed eggs, this behavior is known as swarming. Gametes are spawned through the metanephridia or body wall rupturing (termed as "epitoky", wherein a pelagic, reproductive individual, "epitoke", is formed from a benthic, nonreproductive individual, "atoke"). After fertilization, most eggs become planktonic; although some are retained in the worm tubes or burrowed in jelly masses attached to the tubes (egg brooders). Life Cycle: Eggs develop into trocophore larva, which later metamorph into juvenile stage (body lengthened), and later develop into adults.
Rudnick, D.T., R. Elmgren and J.B. Frithsen 1985 Meiofaunal prominence and benthic seasonality in a coastal marine ecosystem. Oecologia (Berlin) 1985, 67:157-168. (Ref. 1233)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Verktyg
Ytterligare information
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
Födosammansättning
Födointag
Predatorer
Population dynamicsTillväxtMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionAbundans PhysiologySyreförbrukning
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet-källor
Estimates based on models
Price category
Unknown.
