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Decapoda |
Penaeidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; payau; kisaran kedalaman 1 - 170 m (Ref. 8), usually 10 - 30 m (Ref. 8). Tropical, preferred 26°C (Ref. 107945); 30°N - 31°S, 29°E - 103°E
Indo-West Pacific and Southern Atlantic. Introduced in the Mediterranean. Tropical to subtropical.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 12.7, range 11 - 12 cm Max length : 19.9 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 119750); 22.6 cm TL (female); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 2.50 Tahun (Ref. 104940)
Maximum carapace length: 5.0 cm (female; Ref. 8). Prefers bottom sandy mud (Ref. 8). Also occurs on seagrasses, mudflats, sandflats and mangrove channels. Frequently burrows (Ref. 106912). Feeds on crustaceans, polychaetes, mollusks, fishes, algae and detritus (Ref. 104916).
Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833). Females spawn once every two (2) months (Ref. 104933).
rujukan utama
Acuan | Koordinator | mitra
Holthuis, L.B. 1980. (Ref. 8)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
status CITES (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
ancaman kepada manusia
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; umpan: occasionally
FAO - Perikanan: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Alat, peralatan
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 25.2 - 29.3, mean 27.8 (based on 258 cells).
Daya lenting
Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (K=0.67-2.2; tmax=2.5).
Prior r = 1.11, 95% CL = 0.74 - 1.67, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
keancaman
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients: Calcium = 109 [35, 184] mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [1.21, 1.97] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [19.2, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.285 [0.185, 0.386] g/100g; Selenium = 48.3 [-31.7, 128.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.79 [1.17, 2.40] mg/100g (wet weight).