| Main Ref. | DeFelice, R.C., L.G. Eldredge and J.T. Carlton, 2001 | 
|---|---|
| Remarks | A suspension feeder common on hard substrates or overgrowing other fouling invertebrates in sheltered waters like harbors and embayments or also in shallow and deep reef habitats (Ref. 3248). | 
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies | 
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 | 
 | 
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| Substrate | Benthic: sessile; Hard Bottom: rocky; | 
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; Coral Reefs: reef flats; | 
| Special habitats Ref. | 
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism | 
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | 
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | DeFelice, R.C., L.G. Eldredge and J.T. Carlton, 2001 | 
| Feeding habit | other | 
| Feeding habit Ref. | DeFelice, R.C., L.G. Eldredge and J.T. Carlton, 2001 | 
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | |||||
| Ref. | |||||