| Main Ref. | Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984 | 
|---|---|
| Remarks | This is a benthic and subtidal species found in rocky and seagrass bottoms (Ref. 83938). Also inhabits empty coral shells (Ref. 275) and coral reefs (Ref. 96968). | 
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies | 
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| Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Hard Bottom: rocky; rubble; | 
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Hochberg, F.G. and Y.E. Camacho-García, 2009 | 
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; | 
| Special habitats Ref. | Hochberg, F.G. and Y.E. Camacho-García, 2009 | 
| Ref. | Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen, 1984 | 
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism | 
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | 
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Van Heukelem, W.F., 1976 | 
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) | 
| Feeding habit Ref. | Van Heukelem, W.F., 1976 | 
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.69 | 0.51 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||