| Main Ref. | Black, M.B., K.M. Halanych, P.A.Y. Maas, W.R. Hoey, J. Hashimoto, D. Desbruyères, R.A. Lutz and R.C. Vrijenhoek, 1997 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Inhabits cold seeps (Ref. 7845). Bathyal to abyssal (Ref. 19). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrate | Benthic: sessile; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Black, M.B., K.M. Halanych, P.A.Y. Maas, W.R. Hoey, J. Hashimoto, D. Desbruyères, R.A. Lutz and R.C. Vrijenhoek, 1997 |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | Bisby, F.A., M.A. Ruggiero, K.L. Wilson, M. Cachuela-Palacio, S.W. Kimani, Y.R. Roskov, A. Soulier-Perkins and J. van Hertum, 2005 |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | |
| Feeding habit | |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | |||||
| Ref. | |||||