Ecology Summary - Ciona intestinalis

Ecology Summary - Ciona intestinalis

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Ecology of Ciona intestinalis

Main Ref.	Jagerskiold, L.A., 1971
Remarks	Known from subtidal to moderate depths (Ref. 7726). Attached to hard substrates (Refs. 1369, 7726). Benthic, marine; on ships' hulls, and harbour installations (Ref. 1134). Favours shaded locations such as covered floats (Ref. 1749). Solitary (Refs. 2268, 7726). Suspension-feeding (Ref. 3270).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Ciona intestinalis may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: sessile; Hard Bottom: rocky;
Substrate Ref.	Jagerskiold, L.A., 1971
Special habitats	Coral Reefs; Other habitats: boat hulls;
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

संदर्भ	Lambert, C.C. and G. Lambert, 1998
Associations	solitary; colony-forming/symphorism;
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type
Feeding type Ref.
Feeding habit
Feeding habit Ref.

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		टिप्पणी
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	टिप्पणी
From diet composition
From individual food items
संदर्भ

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