Ecology Summary - Heterocarpus gibbosus

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Ecology of Heterocarpus gibbosus

Main Ref.	Chou, W-R., S-H. Lai and L-S. Fang, 1999
Remarks	Found on blue mud bottom (Ref. 81840). Carnivore and detritus feeder (Ref. 102663).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Heterocarpus gibbosus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: mobile; demersal; Soft Bottom: mud;
Substrate Ref.	Estampador, E.P., 1959
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79)
Feeding type Ref.	Rajasree, S.R. and M. Kurup, 2011
Feeding habit
Feeding habit Ref.

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	3.89	0.26			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.