Main Ref. | Carpenter, K.E., F. Krupp, D.A. Jones and U. Zajonz, 1997 |
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Remarks | Pelagic (Ref. 122680). Lives near surface (Ref. 801) in the open ocean away from coasts and reefs but may be found in shallow inshore waters (Ref. 122680) and occasionally in intertidal areas (Ref. 98471). Dives to depths of 15 m and are often found around flotsam or debris (Ref. 122680). Exclusively feeds on fish, foraging only up to a depth of 2 m. Sole marine snake not associated with the benthic community (Ref. 98471). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Pelagic; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Pfaller, J.B., M.G. Frick, F. Brischoux, C.M.III Sheehy and H.B. Lillywhite, 2012 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | Macrobrachium sp.; Atya sp.; Planes major; Plagusia sqaumosa; Portunus affinis; Obelia longissima; Conchoderma hunteri; Conchoderma virgatum; Dosima fascicularis; Lepas anatifera; Lepas anserifera; Lepas tenuivalvata; Lepas sp.; Octolasmis grayi; Octolasmis warwickii; Platylepas krugeri; Platylepas ophiophilus; Platylepas hexastylos; Platylepas sp; Electra angulata; Membranipora tuberculata; Ascidia ceratodes; Tomidocon sp; |
Association remarks | The species is associated with barnacles, decapods, bryozoans, chordates and a hydrozoan (Ref. 101878). |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | IUCN, 2014 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | IUCN, 2014 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 4.50 | 0.80 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |