Main Ref. | Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber, 1993 |
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Remarks | Found on fast ice and offshore through the pack ice. Feeds on the huge Antarctic cod, fish, with smaller amounts of squid and other invertebrates. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber, 1993 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber, 1993 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber, 1993 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.49 | 0.63 | Troph of juv./adults. | ||
From individual food items | 4.01 | 0.52 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Casaux, R., A. Baroni and A. Carlini, 1997 |