Ecology Summary - Littoraria undulata

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Ecology of Littoraria undulata

Main Ref.	Smith, B.D., 2003
Remarks	Found in high spring tide line on rocks and driftwood (Ref. 75835). Members of the family Littorinidae are herbivores, feeding on algae which they graze with a powerful radula (Ref. 349).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Littoraria undulata may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Benthic: mobile; Hard Bottom: rocky;
Substrate Ref.	Higo, S., P. Callomon and Y. Goto, 1999
Special habitats	Beds: rock; vegetation ( driftwood );
Special habitats Ref.	Higo, S., P. Callomon and Y. Goto, 1999

Associations

Ref.	Smith, B.D., 2003
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19)
Feeding type Ref.	Poutiers, J.M., 1998
Feeding habit	grazing on aquatic plants
Feeding habit Ref.	Poutiers, J.M., 1998

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items
Ref.