Main Ref. | Wirtz, P., R. Araújo and A.J. Southward, 2006 |
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Remarks | Forms bands just below low tide on exposed rocky shores (Ref. 2767). On low intertidal and infralittoral rocky shores (Ref. 106657). Key filter feeder; useful bioindicator (Ref. 107000). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: sessile; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Wirtz, P., R. Araújo and A.J. Southward, 2006 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Wirtz, P., R. Araújo and A.J. Southward, 2006 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Dionísio, M., A. Costa and A. Rodrigues, 2013 |
Feeding habit | filtering plankton |
Feeding habit Ref. | Dionísio, M., A. Costa and A. Rodrigues, 2013 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |