Main Ref. | Harrison, P., 1987 |
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Remarks | This is a gregarious, noisy and aggressive species. It breeds in large colonies but smaller ones may be found in Rockhopper rookeries (Ref. 91362). Pursuit diving (Ref. 356). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | |
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Feeding type Ref. | |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.71 | 0.56 | Troph of adults. | ||
From individual food items | 4.01 | 0.77 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Ridoux, V., 1994 |